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Technical Principle of New Type Spiral Vane Compressor
Classification: Technical Data
Time：2017-09-26 20:25
1. The origin of technology. The study of the new type of spiral vane compressor, as early as 15 years ago at the Purdue Conference, Toshiba Corporation of Japan proposed a new type of compression-spiral vane compressor, briefly expounded its working principle and working characteristics, and published the measured results of pressure changes in the working process (literature), translated into Chinese and introduced to China. This new compressor has excellent thermal, dynamic and mechanical properties, especially for refrigeration and air conditioning, Toshiba's measured results show that its performance indicators are better than the rolling rotor compressor. In the 15 years since then, no research literature and physical reports in this area have been found. In this period
1. The origin of technology. The study of the new type of spiral vane compressor, as early as 15 years ago at the Purdue Conference, Toshiba Corporation of Japan proposed a new type of compression-spiral vane compressor, briefly expounded its working principle and working characteristics, and published the measured results of pressure changes in the working process (literature), translated into Chinese and introduced to China. This new compressor has excellent thermal, dynamic and mechanical properties, especially for refrigeration and air conditioning, Toshiba's measured results show that its performance indicators are better than the rolling rotor compressor. In the 15 years since then, no research literature and physical reports in this area have been found. During this period, Xi'an Jiaotong University and many foreign researchers have also engaged in this research, but so far no one can turn this theory into a product into the market.
2. Technical difficulty. The key to the difficulty of the new spiral vane compressor lies in the difficulty of processing and assembly and high process requirements. According to the original design process assembly, it is impossible to assemble molding. The key components of the original design of the spiral vane compressor is the blade and the rotor shaft, which is the key difficulty of processing and assembly. The spiral blade is a complex shape elastomer, and it is also a spiral of unequal pitch. Besides, the processing and assembly accuracy of the blade and the groove are very high, and the hardness of the blade is also high, which is also a difficult solution. The inner diameter of the spiral blade is smaller than the outer diameter of the spiral channel shaft, which cannot be installed at all, and it is difficult to form a product.
The above-mentioned technical problems were put forward by the State Machinery Industry Publishing House in February 2001 in the mechanical and electrical planning textbooks for general higher education, and were identified as the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" national key textbooks published in the city (China Version Library CIP Data Kernel Word (2001) No. 01991).
3. Working principle and structure overview
(1) Overall performance. The spiral vane compressor is a new type of refrigeration compressor with high efficiency, low noise, low vibration, excellent balance, no suction overheating, no exhaust overheating, soft start, low energy consumption, uniform change of resistance torque of shaft work, no intake valve, no exhaust valve, and can directly compress liquid and wet vapor. It is a new type of refrigeration compressor with small size, few spare parts, cylindrical cylinder, spiral piston with spiral groove, variable pitch spiral blade and rotary type, which can be applied to various refrigerants (environmental protection medium).
(2) Structural performance. The outer diameter of the spiral piston is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder. It is installed eccentrically with the cylinder. The eccentricity should ensure that the outer surface of the rotating piston is tangent to the inner wall of the cylinder at the bottom. The overhanging bearings at both ends of the piston rotate around its own centerline, so it is connected with the cylinder. A crescent-shaped space is formed. The outer diameter of the variable pitch spiral blade made of elastic material is equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder. The change law of the blade pitch is consistent with the change law of the spiral groove pitch on the piston. After it is installed in the spiral groove, its outer surface is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder. Therefore, the crescent-shaped space is divided into several closed spiral crescent spaces. This is the working chamber of the spiral vane compressor, also known as the base volume.
(3) the working principle. The pitch of the spiral blade is gradually reduced from the suction side to the exhaust side, so the volume of the working chamber is also gradually reduced accordingly. When the rotary piston rotates, the spiral blade rotates around the center line of the cylinder under its drive and moves radially in the spiral groove of the piston. Therefore, the gas sucked from the suction side is pushed to the exhaust side under the action of the spiral blades. Because the volume of the working chamber gradually decreases, the gas in the chamber is compressed and its pressure gradually increases. After reaching a certain pressure, it is discharged from the exhaust port to complete the entire working process of the compressor.
(4) Main features. The spiral vane compressor has many advantages compared with the compressor of the return type, rolling rotor type, scroll type and eccentric shaft type.
◆ High efficiency, the high efficiency of spiral vane compressor has many aspects. The pressure formation process curve of spiral vane compressor can clearly see that the pressure angle of spiral vane compressor changes slowly, I .e. the gas in the working chamber needs the piston to rotate for several weeks to complete a compression process. In this way, the gas pressure difference between adjacent working chambers can be very small, making the leakage between adjacent working chambers very small. And because there is no end gap, there is no end gap leakage, so the leakage loss is very small.
◆ There is no suction valve and exhaust valve, the suction and exhaust ports are configured axially and in the same direction as the airflow, so the flow resistance is small. No pulsation phenomenon, no suction overheating and exhaust overheating, reducing the heating loss. The suction orifice and the exhaust orifice are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder.
◆ The compressor and the electric connection are positive and negative permanent magnet steel soft connections using magnetic flux, which reduces the problem of large instantaneous current when the motor starts, and solves the problem of damage to the motor in case of internal failure of the compressor.
The spiral vane compressor adopts 220 volt single-phase current and brushless variable frequency motor, which has the remarkable characteristics of low noise (below 40 decibels).
Small vibration, low noise. Because the rotating piston and spiral blades of the cylinder rotate around their own center line, the friction area is small, so there is no unbalanced rotation, the inertial force and power balance performance are good, and because the resistance torque changes evenly, the rotation unevenness is small, and the motor can Run smoothly, so the compressor has almost no vibration, and because there are no intake and exhaust valves, the airflow flow direction is good, so the noise is also low.
◆ Spiral vane compressor resistance torque changes evenly. Because the gas pressure difference between the adjacent working chambers of the spiral vane compressor is very small, and the pressure increase at unit speed can be controlled by optimizing the pitch and the number of spiral turns, the resistance moment of the spiral vane compressor The change curve is relatively flat, and its peak value is only 1/3 of that of the scroll compressor, and the peak value of the resistance moment of the rolling rotor compressor cannot be compared with the spiral vane compressor.
In the past 20 years, refrigeration and cryogenic technology has been rapidly developed and widely used. From people's daily life to various departments of the national economy, from traditional industries to high-tech industries, from national defense science and technology to aerospace, refrigeration, low-temperature technology and refrigeration equipment are inseparable everywhere.